• Index

Present perfect tense

Key concepts

• Noun

  • Represents something, a place, a person, an animal, a situation, etc.
    • Milo, Paris, dog, book.

• Adjective

  • Express characteristics of nouns.
    • Big, cool, cheap, fast.

• Adverb

  • Express characteristics of actions, how was done.
    • Loudly, very, too, just.

• Prefix

  • Letters that go before the words to create new words.
    • Dis, co, sub, ex.

• Suffix

  • Letters that go at the end of words to create new words.
    • Able, ious, ness, ion.

• Conjunction

  • Words used to connect ideas.
    • And, but, while.

• Preposition

  • Short words used to introduce new information
    • In, on, at, by, to.

"Been to" vs. "gone to"

We use these two conjugations in the present perfect tense.

Present Perfect

We use it for:

• Something that started in the past and continues in the present.

  We have lived in London for 10 years.

• Actions performed in unfinished periods of time.

  She has watched that movie three times this week.

have/has + past participle

Been to vs. gone to

The difference between these two words is where the person is at the moment of speaking.

Completed visits

They have been to Paris.

→ They are not in Paris.

Not returned yet

They have gone to Paris.

→ They are still in Paris.

That’s the only difference, the construction of the sentence still the same.

Time Expressions

Present Perfect Continuous

We use it for:

• Ongoing events that started in the past.

  I’ve been writing this essay.

Present Perfect

have/has + past participle

• I’ve thought about buying a new laptop
• She’s studied at Platzi.

Present Perfect Continuous

have/has + been + verb(ing)

• I’ve been thinking about buying a new laptop.
• She’s been studying at Platzi.